Psammomys obesus is a relevant model of nutritional diabetes since these adult animals exhibit a state of insulin resistance when fed a standard laboratory chow, hypercaloric for them as compared to their natural food. Leishmania major infection among psammomys obesus and. Characterization of obesity phenotypes in psammomys obesus. Despite hyperglycemia, insulin mrna levels initially remained unchanged and. May 17, 2002 psammomys obesus the israeli sand rat is a polygenic animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Role of insulin and the igf system in renal hypertrophy in. Behavior of psammomys obesus in the algerian sahara 299 along the saoura, oases occur at intervals of several km, and support tamarix trees, cultivated date palms, and small gardens. The animal model closely mimics phenotypic and pathophysiological resemblance with. The absence of pdx1like immunoreactivity remains a mystery and inspired us to further study how the pancreas develops in these animals compared with mice and rats. Psammomys obesus, a particularly important animal model for the study of the human diabetic nephropathy. Psammomys obesus represents an excellent animal model of.
Light microscopic observations revealed that the eye of psammomys obesus diurnal species, appears similar to that of. The sand rat, psammomys obesus, develops type 2 diabetic. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf rapid development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in psammomys obesus israeli sand rat article pdf available in plos one 93. Overall, our findings show that the development of an insulinresistantdiabetic state in psammomys obesus triggers the whole intraenterocyte machinery, leading to lipoprotein assembly and favoring the intestinal oversecretion of apo b48lipoproteins, which may contribute to characteristic hypertriglyceridemia. An psammomys obesus in nahilalakip ha genus nga psammomys, ngan familia nga muridae. Our main study area was at ouarourout, a small oasis 7 km west of beniabbes. Upon a change from its natural lowcalorie diet to the calorierich laboratory food, p. The aim of this study was to explore a unique polygenic animal model of metabolic disease as a model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by determining the effects of 2% dietary cholesterol supplementation on metabolic and liver endpoints in psammomys obesus israeli sand rat. Le rat des sables psammomys obesus en tant quanimal experimental pour l etude du diabete sucre. Psammomys obesus the israeli sand rat has been well studied as an animal model of type 2 diabetes. Mammal species of the world a taxonomic and geographic reference. Spiny mice exemplify a pathway that leads to diabetes without marked insulin resistance due to low supply of insulin on abundant. Psammomys obesus is a diurnal gerbil that lives in north african and eastern mediterranean semidesert regions.
The architecture of the desert rodent psammomys obesus has been studied by means of standard histologic procedures and by single nephron injections. Patterns of infection of haemoparasites in the fat sand rat. The gerbil, psammomys obesus sand rat, 47 is characterized by primary insulin resistance and is a welldefined model for dietaryinduced t2dm. Psammomys obesus, a model for environmentgene interactions. It is found in algeria, libya, and tunisia, and its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and intermittent salt lakes. Cellular aspects of intestinal lipoprotein assembly in. The etymology of the genus name derives from the two ancient greek words psammos, meaning sand, and mus, meaning mouse, rat. Pdf tapeworm identification in the fat sand rat psammomys. Dry matter digestibility and apparent digestible and metabolizable energy of a.
Pdf cellular aspects of intestinal lipoprotein assembly. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. We have reexamined the histology of pancreata from a few psammomys obesus who had become insulindependent in the late stages of niddm. The sand rat psammomys obesus as an experimental animal in.
Efficiency of use of saltbush atriplex halimus for. Feeding psammomys a high caloric diet results in a reversible metabolic syndrome consisting of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and a moderate elevation in body weight. Psammomys obesus sand rat, 47 is characterized by primary insulin resistance and is a welldefined model for dietaryinduced t2dm. The gerbil psammomys obesus is a good model to address questions related to the role of insulin. Many animal models exist of niddm but none have reported the spontaneous existence of a similar phenomenon. Desert sand rats psammomys obesus are indigenous to middle eastern semiarid regions in which their diet consists of succulent. Psammomys obesus sand rats exposed to neutral 12 light. Experiments were carried out in the small intestine and liver of psammomys obesus, a model of nutritionally. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe.
When transferred to a highenergy laboratory diet, it develops type 2 diabetes mellitus within several days to 2 wk. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place rapid development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in psammomys obesus israeli sand rat pdf paperity toggle navigation. A major impediment to establishing new treatments for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Reproduction and abundance of the fat sand rat psammomys. Elevated hypothalamic beacon gene expression in psammomys. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Fat sand rats are terrestrial mammals that are most often found in sandy deserts, but can be found in rocky terrain, salinemarsh. The animals were maintained in an animal research facility and the experiments performed according to the regulations of the hadassah university committee on animal care and use. Hyperhomocysteinemia and myocardial remodeling in the sand. Psammomys obesus belongs to a family of desert gerbils and is used as a model of human t2d. Psammomys obesus sand rat is an animal model of nutritionally induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus 14, 25.
In its native habitat, feeding mainly on the lowcalorie atriplex halimus. However, obesity phenotypes in these animals have not been fully characterized. Ijms free fulltext highenergy diet and shorter light. The sand rat is a desert animal which feeds mainly on salt bush, a shrub with a high salt content in its leaves. Conclusion psammomys obesus is a useful translational model to study the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy in order to explore new therapeutic avenues in human. Objective in the current study, we examined the mechanisms that regulate hepatic apolipoprotein b apobcontaining lipoprotein secretion in psammomys obesus, a good animal model for the investigation of insulin resistance and diabetes. Early onset of disk degeneration and spondylosis in sand rats. Le rat des sables psammomys obesus en tant quanimal experimental pour letude du diabete sucre. Reproduction and abundance of the fat sand rat psammomys obesus in relation to weather conditions in tunisia volume 248 issue 1 e. Male hebrew university psammomys obesus gerbils were studied.
In this study we investigated skull size and shape variation in the genus psammomys by using geometric morphometrics to evaluate the extent of intra and interspecific. Both insulin resistance and diabetes in psammomys obesus. Hepatic mitochondrial alterations and increased oxidative. Rapid development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in. Two species, the spiny mice acomys cahirinus and the desert gerbil psammomys obesus, which have different metabolic responses to such effects, are discussed. The fat sand rat psammomys obesus is a terrestrial mammal from the gerbil subfamily that is.
The cortex is composed of 4 to 5 layers of glomeruli, which lie closely put together, the glomeruli often. Developmental biology of the psammomys obesus pancreas. The sand rat psammomys obesus, exhibiting dietinduced metabolic syndrome, might constitute a relevant model. Psammomys obesus represents an excellent animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes that. Physical exercise prevents the development of type 2 diabetes. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Microscopic anatomy of ocular globe in diurnal desert rodent. The psammomys obesus sand rat strain of rat remains lean and nondiabetic in the wild but becomes obese and diabetic under laboratory feeding conditions. Ginklasipika han iucn an species komo diri gud kababarakan. Efficiency of use of saltbush atriplex halimus for growth. The visual system of desert rodents demonstrates a rather high degree of development and specific features associated with adaptation to arid environment. The obesity described in these animals was familial in nature and was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes. Tapeworm identification in the fat sand rat psammomys obesus obesus article.
Pdf the psammomys obesus lives in natural desert habitat on low energy le diet, however when maintained in laboratory. Intestinal and hepatic cholesterol carriers in diabetic. Recent data suggest that in a proportion of niddm patients there is a slowly evolving insulitis which results in a latent autoimmune diabetes leading to full insulindependence. Psammomys obesus the israeli sand rat is a polygenic animal model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Prominent among these animal species is the israeli desert gerbil, psammomys obesus sand rat, which appears to be an ideal natural model of the disease in humans because it shows an increased tendency to develop dietinduced diabetes, which is associated with moderate obesity. Sand rats have been used for the study of renal function, and since they may develop. Figure 1 shows a frequency histogram for the bodyweightvariable in a total of 633 animals. Psammomys obesus is a model of type 2 diabetes that displays resistance to insulin and deranged. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be a pivotal component of insulin resistance and associated metabolic diseases. It has also been previously named the pale sand rat based on work published by oldfield thomas in 1925. We analyzed phenotypic data including body weight, percentage body fat, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration for over 600 animals from the psammomys obesus colony at deakin university to investigate. Psammomys obesus is an animal model of the nutritionally induced type 2 diabeteslike model used in biological and medical. Early onset of disk degeneration and spondylosis in sand.
As other rodent kidneys rat, mouse, the psammomys kidney consists of two types of nephrons, 66% short looped and 34% long looped nephrons. Sand rats have been used for the study of renal function, and since they may develop diabetes if kept on a laboratory diet without a supplement of salt bush, they have been used for investigation of diabetesrelated disorders as well. The fat sand rat psammomys obesus is a terrestrial mammal from the gerbil subfamily that is mostly found in north africa and the middle east, ranging from mauritania to the arabian peninsula. Psammomys obesus, a unique model of metabolic syndrome. The fat sand rat psammomys obesus obesus undergoes agere. We analyzed phenotypic data including body weight, percentage body fat, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration for over 600 animals from the psammomys obesus colony at deakin university to investigate the. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Pdf astaxanthin inhibits aldose reductase activity in.
In israel, it lives in the negev, the judean desert, and the arava 7, 26, 27. Psammomys obesus, a model of dietresponsive type 2 diabetes, shows markedly depleted insulin stores when given a highenergy he diet. The fat sand rat psammomys obesus is the main reservoir host of cutaneous leishmaniasis in north africa and western asia. Pdf both insulin resistance and diabetes in psammomys. The dietary effects of hyperglycemia increasingly result in type 2 diabetes in humans. Pdf psammomys obesus, a particularly important animal. Testicular function in the sand rodent psammomys obesus is subjected to seasonal alternations with a trigger of spermatogenesis in. The mean body weight for the colony at 16 weeks of age was 198. A major impediment to establishing new treatments for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is the lack of suitable animal models that accurately mimic the biochemical and metabolic characteristics of the disease. Patterns of infection of haemoparasites in the fat sand.
Psammomys, or the sand rat, is a rodent belonging to the subfamily gerbillinae. We analyzed phenotypic data including body weight, percentage body fat, blood glucose and plasma insulin concentration for over 600 animals from the psammomys obesus colony at deakin university to. Islets from hyperglycemic animals utilized twice as much glucose as islets from normoglycemic diabetesprone or diabetesresistant controls but exhibited similar rates of glucose. This species usually lives in sandy deserts, but may also be found in rocky terrain or saline marsh areas. Cellular aspects of intestinal lipoprotein assembly in psammomys obesus. Psammomys obesus, the fat sand rat, is found in north africa, ranging from mauritania to egypt and sudan, and east across the arabian peninsula. This page was last edited on 6 december 2014, at 05. This page was last edited on 14 september 2017, at 23. The aim of this study is to carry out a descriptive investigation into the most relevant features of the sand rat eye. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Methods and results when fed chow ad libitum, 22% maintained normoglycemia and normoinsulinemia group a, 33% exhibited normoglycemia and.
The thin sand rat or lesser sand rat psammomys vexillaris is a species of rodent in the family muridae. These taxa have been the subject of taxonomic controversy for some time, due to variability in the classical morphological characters used for taxonomic recognition. The desert gerbil psammomys obesus as a model for metformin. Effects of variations in food intake on renal sodium pump. The structural organization of the kidney of the desert.
The gerbil psammomys obesus is a good model to address questions related to the role of insulin resistance and. This file is licensed under the creative commons attributionshare alike 4. Both insulin resistance and diabetes in psammomys obesus upregulate the hepatic machinery involved in intracellular vldl assembly. Our results show that hhcy induced by an excess of methionine causes, in the myocardium of psammomys obesus, a significant accumulation of fibrillar collagens i and iii at the interstitial and perivascular scales, indicating the appearance of fibrosis, which is associated with an immunoexpression increase of tgf. Patterns of infection of haemoparasites in the fat sand rat, psammomys obesus, in tunisia, and effect on the host. We investigated the effects of highenergy diet and photoperiod length on visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue phenotype. We examined the major signaling pathways for insulin release in p. Psammomys is a genus of rodents in the family muridae. To submit an update or takedown request for this paper, please submit an updatecorrectionremoval request.
205 967 1427 1562 1557 1353 1334 784 1518 415 497 1178 1189 694 12 1131 875 1418 1038 1200 229 834 2 475 1013 756 116 412 618 555 794 1563 1231 210 1397 896 1559 253 557 1419 1093 1205 257 518 1039 1057 1029